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Introduction to Nanotechnology

Nanotechnology - this technology works with the matter at the level of individual atoms. Traditional methods of production work with portions of matter, consisting of a billion or more atoms. This means that even the most precise instruments, man-made so far, at the atomic level looks like a messy hodgepodge. The transition from the manipulation of matter to the manipulation of individual atoms - a quantum leap, providing unprecedented accuracy and efficiency.

nanobearing

In 1959, Nobel Laureate Richard Feynman in his speech predicted that in the future by learning manipulate individual atoms, and humanity will be able to synthesize anything. In 1981 came the first tool for the manipulation of atoms - the tunnel microscope, invented by scientists from IBM. It turned out that by using this microscope can not only "see" individual atoms, but also to lift and move them around. This was demonstrated in principle the ability to manipulate atoms and, therefore, be collected directly from them, as if the bricks, all anything: any object, any substance.

Nanotechnology is usually divided into three areas:

• manufacture of electronic circuits, whose elements consist a few atoms
• creation of nanomachines, ie, mechanisms and robots the size of a molecule
• direct manipulation of atoms and molecules and assembly have anything

medical nanorobots

With rapid advances in technologies such as optics, nanolithography, mechanochemistry and 3D prototipirovnie, nanorevolyutsiya could happen over the next decade. When this happens, nanotechnology will have an enormous impact on virtually to all areas of industry and society.

In 1992, speaking before a commission of Congress, Dr. Eric Drexler drew a picture of the foreseeable future, when nanotechnology will transform our world. Will be eliminated hunger, disease, pollution and other pressing problems facing humanity. Practically all that is necessary for human life and activity, can be produced by molecular robots directly from the atoms and molecules of the surrounding environment. Food - from soil and air, just as they produce plants, silicon chips - from the sand. It is obvious that such a production will be much more cost effective and environmentally friendly than the current industry and agriculture.

A part of the constructive fog

Humanity receive only a comfortable environment in which there is no room for hunger or disease, or debilitating physical labor. In the future we waiting for the emergence of "intelligent environment" (ie, nature has become a direct productive force). Nanocomputers and nanomachines fill is all the surrounding space: they will be between the air molecules to be present in every object, every cell in the human body. Fly around the world will turn into one giant computer, or that perhaps it would be fair, humanity will merge with the surrounding world in a single intelligent organism.