SHaraban Victoria
SHaraban (Fr. char à bancs ) - the type of open wagons. Appeared in France at the beginning of the XIX century. The name comes from the French char à bancs («a cart with wooden benches). SHaraban prepared in the form of four-with transverse seats in several rows, or one-horse dvukolesnyh crews. SHaraban used for walking, countryside tours, hunting. Initially, horses were harnessed, Later, there were motor. Fallen into disuse in the 20-x XX century.
Paul Shechtman
cocotte Refugee-THIEF:
«chaise" and his owner ROAD STORIES
«SHaraban" - the famous (along with "Chicken Fried"), the product of urban folklore era of revolution and civil War. Lyrics, which can be called "canonical" sounds like:
SHaraban
I schoolgirl seventh grade,
Pugh brew Zamesto kvass.
Oh my chaise, an American,
I'm a girl, I sharlatanka!
broken strings of my guitar,
when they fled out of Samara.
Oh, my chaise, an American!
I'm a girl, I sharlatanka!
helped me escape a kid,
ofitserishka of the battalion.
Oh, my chaise, an American!
I'm a girl, I sharlatanka!
and drink hotstsa, and no money!
with me walking alone Cadets!
Oh my chaise, an American!
I'm a girl, I sharlatanka!
Buy me books, selling notebooks,
Go to Artist I am laughter's sake!
Oh my chaise, an American!
I'm a girl, I sharlatanka!
Buy me a skirt, short jacket,
Marketplace I kvass, but it would be better vodka
Oh, my chaise, an American
I'm a girl, I sharlatanka.
Farewell, my friends, I am leaving.
Who should I, I forgive all,
Oh, my chaise, an American,
I'm a girl, I sharlatanka.
Farewell others, I'm leaving,
And you will make your chaise.
Oh, my chaise upholstered in leather,
Where do you climb, with such a mug?
General information about the song are as follows. The main text was composed, in any case, after 1914 (during the war "prohibition" - as evidenced by the mention of moonshine instead of vodka) is clearly based on some older cabaret singer. It is known that in Samara, after the October Revolution it (probably still in the old edition) was the identification mark of the anti-Bolshevik underground: if the counter-singing "SHaraban" means a "friend". June 4, 1918 Samara was taken by the Czechoslovak legionnaires, it was formed Komuch (Committee members of the Constituent Assembly), mostly from the Socialist-Revolutionaries, and the song became the Battle Hymn of the Volga Region of the People's Army, with her on the lips of the troops of the Constituent Meeting went into the attack (see the memoirs of Whites in the book.: 1918 in eastern Russia. Sost., Nauchn. Ed., foreword. and comment. SV Volkov. - Moscow: ZAO Tsentrpoligraf, 2003). However, in early September 1918 the People's army was defeated near Kazan, and then was left Simbirsk (September 12) and myself Samara (mid October). As a result, appeared couplets, devoted to these events, in addition there was one "optional" verse, which is sometimes sang along with the couplet "of Samara" sometimes instead:
I ran out of Simbirsk
And in his hand was a note.
As such, the song, along with Samara People's Army, has joined the ranks of the forces of the Omsk Directory and spread across the eastern front, and already at the turn of the 20 th All-Russia gained wide popularity. In particular, it was a favorite repertoire of street children.
song produces a strange impression, and at first glance, is not burdened with special meaning. What was found in her contemporaries of the Civil war, if it is singing the whole of Russia?
First of all, try to restore its origin and original meaning. It is striking that the image of the heroine stands just like in three Persons: demi-monde, the girls, "Wild Child" and a refugee. If we are throwing "refugee" verse, we divide the rest in couplets "About courtesan" and "pro schoolgirl", then we in fact two entire, logically connected within a song. Of these, the song "about cocotte" naturally are remnants of the original cabaret singer. For its reconstruction is an important pillar of "Gypsy" option - ie text from an unknown magazine Roma singer, found in 2003 on a landfill in Warsaw:
Goodbye friend, I'm leaving,
But you bequeath to my chaise.
Oh my chaise, an American,
I'm not an artist, I sharlatanka!
Oh, you, the driver, but rather touch,
And I'll go my way!
Oh my chaise, an American,
I'm not an artist, I sharlatanka!
broken strings of my guitar
Yes pour better spell!
Oh my chaise, an American,
I'm not an artist, I sharlatanka!
Researchers consider it "very old" and "perhaps the original pre-war" option. However, striking that the text is too short, more than that - if the three verses of at least two are linked, then the third does not even have domestic and communication and is only a combination of two romance dies. Obviously, we face the end of the old song, to which were added besides taken from the middle (and most all mutated) couplet. It may have only one explanation: the satirical cabaret singer were "reformatted" Gypsies in accordance with the romance aesthetics, with an emphasis on themes of parting and drunken revelry.
Using this option, calling us and the profession of "original" character, we get the following text:
Buy me books, selling notebooks,
Go to the artist * I laugh for
Oh, my chaise, an American!
I'm not an artist, I sharlatanka!
torn strings of my guitar,
(Yes, pour the full spell)
Oh, my chaise, an American!
I'm not an artist, I sharlatanka!
Farewell, my friends, I am leaving.
Who should I I forgive all,
Oh, my chaise, an American,
I'm not an artist, I sharlatanka!
Farewell, my friends, I'm leaving,
And you will make your chaise.
Oh, my chaise - American!
I'm not an artist, I - sharlatanka!
Oh, you, the driver, but rather touch,
And I'll go my way!
Oh, my chaise upholstered in leather!
where you climb with such a mug!
* In the early twentieth century. apparently they sang: "an actress»
italics fragments, whose affiliation to the original "gig" can not be regarded as proved; In any case, the general form of song is clear. No obvious way: start (samoharakteristika heroine?) And couplets depicting her adventures. With a heroine happens some trouble, which makes her flee the city (Samaria?), throwing his famous chaise. Motivation for leaving and is verse about the "broken string". "Broken string" - in Russian poetics of the traditional symbol of a broken heart, broken fate, death - all vital disaster; comic effect is achieved in that trouble frivolous adventurer compared with the "hysterical" misery romance hero. This song could easily be composed "in case", in relation to some real event.
Song "about the schoolgirl", by contrast, looks whole and complete, especially if you tilt the verse "about books and notebooks," presumably came from the "old" "chaise" (Another option: This verse was written to emphasize the identity of the heroine with an artist of "chaise»):
I schoolgirl seventh grade
Pugh brew Zamesto kvass
Oh my chaise, an American,
I'm a girl, I sharlatanka!
hotstsa And to drink, but no money!
with me walking alone Cadets!
Oh my chaise, an American!
I'm a girl, January sharlatanka!
January Sell books, sell nibble,
Poydu artistes in January laughter radio!
sharaban Oh my God, American!
devchonka but rather, her sharlatanka!
Sell yubku January, short jacket,
Marketplace I kvas, and it would be better vodka!
Oh, my chaise, an American,
I'm a girl, I sharlatanka.
Zabubennaya schoolgirl clearly appeared as a parody "Twin" "Ladies of the Camellias." For example, if the intention to sell the first laptop and notebook explained by the desire, though frivolous, change their destiny - The intention to sell the second skirt and jacket has one goal - to get drunk. The remaining two verses remarkable way replace those whose absence is felt constructed in our song "about the actress: Home - samoharakteristika heroine - and a description of her adventures. In this case, a schoolgirl complained that with her walking "alone Cadets" (not officers) - natural to assume that the object of parody is featured officers. Recall and ofitserishku of Battalion "in the" refugee "verse, humor is not clear - I do not whether the salt was to refer to the" old "" gig "? Especially that "battalion" - Is clearly specific, only one battalion, probably standing in pre-revolutionary garrison town - you can assume that he figured in the original text.
Perhaps ditties "about schoolgirl" for some time existed as a separate song-parody, and only later were merged with the original "Gig" in a bizarre medley. Rather, however, the current text came at once, and "refugee" ditties for us implicitly associated with the "gymnasium" - Theme parody of the old one, which has already become a cult "SHaraban. This is indirectly confirmed by the fact that the appended someone Simbirsky "couplet remained alien the main text, "optional" - which does not explain its late origin, as Simbirsk was abandoned even before Samara. However, the resulting text far gone beyond parody-lived. Apparently, this was associated with comprehension of the heroine as a refugee - hypostasis plausible unifying Role the girls and battered women. Indeed, yesterday was a schoolgirl, living (and all around) one day, walking with men, drinking, but in addition and sniffing cocaine - was in the general household phenomenon, the typical fate in Babylon, which was a shuffle and the Revolution Society:
have this, that alcohol breath,
On the wall is nailed straps:
It Girl knew Izhevsk,
a kid stepping into the car.
But in Omsk Russian lieutenant,
Rogue, a dashing bandit
All buttons on a black blouse
Intoxicated broke his hand ...
(Arseny diffidently. "blank start stitching ...»)
With this understanding of the song, ending theme "Out" At first glance the images of alien and "schoolgirls" and even "refugee", could be perceived as a symbol of the desire to change their lives, to break with the past, find a quiet place where you can hide from all the storms and finally start living happily - a desire, as is typical of the era, when hundreds of thousands of people rushed to Russia in search of calm and well-fed seekers. However, for this implicitly lurks another, tragic theme - the theme of death, suicide, "departure" may be interpreted and so, and this interpretation throws daring song a deep existential reflection.
In general, this song is perfectly consistent with the atmosphere "A feast during the plague which prevailed in the white rear. Perception of it as a song about refugees, and created a new version of the chorus:
Oh my chaise, an American!
will not be money - selling take-ka!
Apparently, the soldiers of the Omsk Army (Army of the Directory, then Kolchak) themselves ironically identified with a dashing a schoolgirl, running in his gig that of Simbirsk, from Samara. Then, this schoolgirl was identified by none other than himself as supreme ruler of Russia:
Tunic English Russian strap,
Japanese tobacco, the governor of Omsk
Oh, my chaise, an American!
There will be no money - selling take-ka!
This was an ordinary intonation on that on both sides of the front sung a variety of couplets on news of the day:
Go girl,
lifted skirt,
Behind them Czechs,
gnawing nuts.
Oh, chaise My
American!
no money -
Buy revolver!
(The cynicism of such an option chorus is obvious if we consider that is sung from the face of a military man.)
way, a few words about the famous first verse. Nicholas Kukarin, Chief of Staff Tukhachevskogo leads his "white" Received: "Epaulettes Russian, style English ... "But the strap does not have a" style "- hence, was originally a" uniform ". Thus, the verse did not mean support for the Entente (as it quickly began to interpret), and the proverbial Anglomania Kolachaka and most importantly - his chance, "vagrants" in the White Siberia (there he appeared only in autumn 1918 from England through Japan!) mock Kolchak as over stray adventurer, could not the Bolsheviks, but rather hated his Socialist-Revolutionaries, who had started anti-Bolshevik struggle in the East, but were then dispersed, and sometimes even shot nouveau Omsk dictator.
This kind of couplets are well known in the heavily coarsened and relatively late (after the shooting Kolchak) "red" version:
Tunic demolished,
Epaulettes fell,
Tobacco skurilsya -
Ruler washed away.
In imitation of this song and satire have appeared on other enemies of the Bolsheviks: "Semyonov chaise", "Wrangel chaise", "gentry chaise" etc. The last two show that even in 1920, a song about "the governor of Omsk has received wide recognition in European Russia - apparently came from parts withdrawn from the eastern front after the defeat of Kolchak. They also, presumably, brought to the West and became the now "classic" text "chaise".
After the Civil War heroine "SHaraban" underwent a new decline. Indeed, the dasher in all its guises all belonged to the "old" world. She, like her real prototypes, there was no place in the official Soviet society and was only one thing - fall at the very bottom of society, underworld environment. While still a lady demimonde, a schoolgirl, and tear off a refugee, she becomes mistress of a brothel and features just a "thief»:
Oh my chaise, an American!
What a night, some booze!
Want to drink, utensils beat,
I do not care, I do not care.
Hi thieves recidivists,
Shish debris and activists.
Oh, my chaise, an American,
I'm a girl, I sharlatanka!
seems to be a reflection gone from Odessa, where he was created its own "rogue" option. At the time of its creation, at first glance, indicate verses, relating to the Civil War:
All in the war, yes in the civilian world,
But thieves all in Moldavanka.
Oh, my chaise ....
Why do we have guns, why do we need machines, *
When we are loved in Moldavanka.
Oh, my chaise ....
* machine guns
Here, however, disturbing short-diminutive "citizen": during the Civil War itself is phrase yet still somewhat book-and was used is not particularly common, especially in the lower ranks of society. Rather, the verses were composed as early as the 20-ies to identify fundamentally cheerful attitude "Moldavanka" to "civic duty" and all sorts of ideological problems.
passing irony to cynicism, which was originally imbued with cabaret singer, was of course absolutely contraindicated official culture, so that the song, unlike the pre-revolutionary years, or emigration, unimaginable in the Soviet Union performed from the stage (at least after the 20-ies) or recorded on phonograph records. And the song that emerged in the Silver Age as a pop satire on the "penumbra", went into the area of "yard" and "thug" counterculture, where it remained all the time the Soviet power. In this "classic" text "chaise", which is probably under more "normal" development of Russian history would have been quickly forgotten, remained deeply appealing, for began to be perceived as a symbol of gay and riotous "pre-revolutionary" - or rather simply a non-Soviet - life.
August 2006
received from author \u0026lt;sfrandzi @ rambler.ru> August 11, 2006
PS The article was already written when I came to the conclusion that the verse about "books and notebooks - definitely parody, and the object of parody and at the same time part of the theme "Adventures cocottes" is a verse that has been preserved in some versions:
Buy me a skirt and trousers,
Buy perfume I colognes.
Women's trousers have gone out of fashion during the First World War, and the entire verse clearly depicts the image is frivolous demi-monde, sacrificing essential for luxuries. Incidentally, we note that the verse leaves great opportunities for artistic performance: "I buy perfume ... (Languidly) odekolo-ones! "This also applies to condescendingly gracious:" I forgive you all! ", And especially to a frightened and disturbed:" Oh, my chaise upholstered in leather! ". Obviously, the author was a high professional.
Paul Shechtman, September 24, 2006
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